Otology and neurotology

Otology and neurotology are closely related medical specialties that focus on the ear and balance system — but they differ in scope and complexity

Otology

Otology is a subspecialty of otorhinolaryngology (ENT) that deals with the structure, function, and diseases of the ear. It focuses mainly on problems limited to the ear itself — particularly the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear — as well as hearing and balance disorders that originate there.

Neurotology

Neurotology (also called otoneurology in some contexts) is a subspecialty of otology that deals with neurological disorders affecting the ear and its neural connections — particularly those involving the inner ear, auditory nerve, and brainstem pathways responsible for hearing and balance.